1. Medical School Enrollment More Diverse in 2021 [Internet]. Association of American Medical Colleges; 2021 [cited 2022 7/5/2022]. Available from: https://www.aamc.org/news-insights/press-releases/medical-school-enrollment-more-diverse-2021
2. How Canada compares: results from the Commonwealth Fund's 2020 international health policy survey of the general population in 11 countries [Internet]. Canadian Institute for Health Information
3. Ottawa: 2021 [cited 2022 7/5/2022]. Available from: https://www.cihi.ca/sites/default/files/document/how-canada-compares-cmwf-survey-2020-meth-note-en.pdf
4. Social justice indicators 2021 [cited 2025 May 12]. Tehran: Statistical Centre of Iran, 2021. [In Persian]. Available from: https://amar.org.ir/Portals/0/Articles/edalat.ejtemaei.pdf?ver=aRY3mBrqS0F9TljIEwQ9mA%3d%3d
5. Khan MS, Usman MS, Siddiqi TJ, Ayub MT, Fatima K, Acob C, et al. Women in leadership positions in academic cardiology: a study of program directors and division chiefs. Journal of Women's Health . 2019; 28(2):225-32. doi: [
DOI:10.1089/jwh.2018.7135]
6. MolkAra M. Analysis and investigation of the relationship between the glass ceiling syndrome and organizational silence. International Journal of Business Management and Entrepreneurship . 2022; 1(1):1-5. [In Persian]. Available from: https://mbajournal.ir/index.php/IJBME/article/view/3
7. Segovia-Saiz C, Briones-Vozmediano E, Pastells-Peiró R, González-María E, Gea-Sánchez M. Glass ceiling and gender inequalities in the careers of women academics in biomedical sciences. Gaceta Sanitaria. 2020;34(4):403-10. [In Spanish]. [
DOI:10.1016/j.gaceta.2018.10.008]
8. Larson AR, Kan CK, Silver JK. Representation of women physician deans in U.S. medical schools. Journal of Women's Health . 2019;28(5):600-5. [
DOI:10.1089/jwh.2018.7448]
9. Kelly EH, Rivera F, Tait VF, Hingle ST. Introduction: women in medicine. Pediatrics. 2021; 148(Supplement 2): e2021051440B. [
DOI:10.1542/peds.2021-051440B]
10. Spurk D, Hirschi A, Dries N. Antecedents and outcomes of objective versus subjective career success: competing perspectives and future directions. Journal of Management. 2019; 45(1):35-69. [
DOI:10.1177/0149206318786563]
11. Arvand J, Shafeeabadi A. Role of self-concept in physicians' job success. Journal of Medical Sciences. 2006;16(3):141-5. [In Persian]. Available from: http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-115-en.pdf
12. Dan X, Xu S, Liu J, Hou R, Liu Y, Ma H. Innovative behaviour and career success: mediating roles of self-efficacy and colleague solidarity of nurses. International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2018;5(3):275-80. [
DOI:10.1016/j.ijnss.2018.07.003]
13. Özbilgin MF, Groutsis D, Harvey WS. International human resource management. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2014. [
DOI:10.1017/CBO9781107445642]
14. Cumbler E, Yirdaw E, Kneeland P, Pierce R, Rendon P, Herzke C, et al. What is career success for academic hospitalists? a qualitative analysis of early‐career faculty perspectives. Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2018; 13(6):372-7. [
DOI:10.12788/jhm.2924]
15. Abele AE, Spurk D. The longitudinal impact of self-efficacy and career goals on objective and subjective career success. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 2009; 74(1):53-62. [
DOI:10.1016/j.jvb.2008.10.005]
16. Mosadeghrad A, Tajvar M, Taheri S. Female managers' decision-making in healthcare organizations: challenges and solutions. Modern Research in Decision Making. 2020;5(1):51-94. [In Persian] Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/374112/en
17. Morrison AM, Glinow MV. Women and minorities in management. American Psychologist. 1990;45:200-8. [
DOI:10.1037/0003-066X.45.2.200]
18. Burn SM. Women across cultures: a global perspective. 4th ed. McGraw Hill LLC; 2022.
19. Hull RP, Umansky PH. An examination of gender stereotyping as an explanation for vertical job segregation in public accounting. Accounting, Organizations and Society. 1997;22(6):507-28. [
DOI:10.1016/S0361-3682(96)00028-1]
20. Cotter DA, Hermsen JM, Ovadia S, Vanneman R. The glass ceiling effect. Social Forces. 2001;80(2), 655-82. [
DOI:10.1353/sof.2001.0091]
21. Babic A, Hansez I. The glass ceiling for women managers: Antecedents and consequences for work-family interface and well-being at work. Frontiers in Psychology. 2021;12:618250. [
DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.618250]
22. Smith P, Caputi P, Crittenden N. How are women's glass ceiling beliefs related to career success? Career Development International. 2012;17(5):458-74. [
DOI:10.1108/13620431211269702]
23. Martínez-Fierro S, Lechuga Sancho MP. Descriptive elements and conceptual structure of glass ceiling research. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(15):8011. [
DOI:10.3390/ijerph18158011]
24. Koohi Rostamkalaee Z, Tol A, Akbari Haghighi F, Rahimi Froshani A, Pourreza A. Assessing the relation between organizational climate components with organizational commitment components among nurses in selected hospitals of TUMS. Journal of Health System Research. 2013;9(7):731-40. [In Persian] Available from: http://hsr.mui.ac.ir/article-1-658-en.pdf
25. Masoudian Y, Rajabi vasoukolaei G. Competence of hospital managers as a necessity for optimal and effective management of the Iranian health system; letter to the editor. Hospital. 2021;20(3):79-80. [In Persian] Available from: http://jhosp.tums.ac.ir/article-1-6499-en.html
26. Williams ES, Borkowski N, O'Connor SJ, Qu H. Evaluating journal quality: beyond journal rankings. The Journal of Health Administration Education. 2018; 7;35(1):29-46. Available from: https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/aupha/jhae/2018/00000035/00000001/art00004?crawler=true
27. Nejati T. Investigating the relationship between the effectiveness of in-service training courses and personal career success in one of the organizations affiliated to the Ministry of Energy [Master's dissertation]. [Ahvaz]: Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz; 2016. [In Persian].
28. Manouchehri B. Investigating the relationship between belief in the glass ceiling and mental success of female employees in Shiraz Municipality [Master's dissertation]. [Shiraz]: Payam Noor University; 2014. [In Persian].
29. Lawshe CH. A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel Psychology. 1975;28(4). [
DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1975.tb01393.x]
30. Tabe Bordbar F, Kamani smh, Manouchehri B. Studying the relationship between women's glass ceiling beliefs and subjective success among female employees at Shiraz municipality. Journal of Woman and Society. 2016;6(24):125-43. [In Persian] Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/169104/en
31. Ramezani G, Pourbairamian G, Goharinezhad S, Norouzi A, Keshavarzi MH, Sohrabi Z. The role of glass ceiling in women's promotion to managerial positions from the perspective of faculty members at Iran University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Education and Health Promotion. 2021; 10:339. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_111_21 [
DOI:10.4103/jehp.jehp_111_21]
32. Fathy EA, Zidan HA. The impact of glass ceiling beliefs on women's subjective career success in tourism and hospitality industry: the moderating role of social support. The Scientific Journal of the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Alexandria University. 2020;17(2):137-62.
https://doi.org/10.21608/thalexu.2020.48439.1032 [
DOI:10.21608/THALEXU.2020.48439.1032]
33. Khalid S, Sekiguchi T. The mediating effect of glass ceiling beliefs in the relationship between women's personality traits and their subjective career success. NTU Management Review. 2019;29(3):193-220. [
DOI:10.6226/NTUMR.201912_29(3).0006]
34. Balasubramanian SA, Lathabhavan R. Linking women's glass ceiling beliefs and employee satisfaction: the mediation of engagement. International Journal of Human Resources Development and Management. 2018;18(1-2):72-90. [
DOI:10.1504/IJHRDM.2018.092288]
35. Roman M. Relationships between women's glass ceiling beliefs, career advancement satisfaction, and quit intention [PhD thesis]. [Minneapolis, Minnesota] Walden University; 2017. Available from: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=4933&context=dissertations
36. Connor KM, Davidson JR. Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety. 2003;18(2):76-82.
https://doi.org/10.1002/da.10113 [
DOI:0.1002/da.10113]
37. Mohammadkhani F, Gholamzadeh D. The influence of leadership styles on the women's glass ceiling beliefs. Journal of Advanced Management Science. 2016;4(4):276-82. [
DOI:10.12720/joams.4.4.276-282]