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In Health care system, it is not easy to explain what quality means and how it measures. No doubt, quality is an important criteria for distinction between desirable and undesirable level of health care. Today health care organizations face to new market place pursuit of quality and ability to change, have become essential. Total Quality Management(TQM) is a philosophy and a methodology that assists organizations to manage change and to set their own agenda for dealir.g with the external pressures. Transforming organizational culture is a slow process and TQM provides guidlines for transition. To be truly effective it requires organization wide and is benefits for external and internal costumers. In this article, authors describe the concept of TQM and Focus-PDCA method, and demonstrate how this strategy can be Put effectively in health care organizations.

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To obtain educational goals, teachers should have sufficient knowledge and skills. On the other hand procen is not usually apparent.
Educational authorities believe that one of the most important steps that could improve quality is documenting teaching progress so that evaluation comes as a documenting device.
We think, the existing evaluation methods are not as efficient as they should be and could not gain the goals of evaluation. So we conducted a descriptive, retrospective study?
Which was held in all faculties of IUMS which had been evaluated by students, educational department heads and the teachers themselves during 1998-2000. The findings show that although the results of 1999 evaluation were presented to the faculty members there were no significant changes in the 2000s' evaluation. This means that the existing assessment methods have little value in teaching improvement.

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The research has been carried out on rate of presenting initial and in-service training courses for employees in hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences. 182 employees of the followiong departments of four general-teaching hospitals were selected by stratify and sampling method for the study: Financial, radiology and supply departments as well as nursing office and service department. In this study required data has been collected by questionnaire and the collected data has been analyzed by cross-sectional statistic. Findings were as follow: • Rasool hospital had the highest rate of participation of employees III initial training courses (X=O.9) and Firoozabadi hospital had the lowest (X=O.5). • Nursing office had the highest rate of participation of the employee in initial training courses (X=2.2) and supply department had the lowest (X=OA). • Haftetir hopital had the highest rate of participation of the employees III in-service training courses (X=1.45) and Firoozabadi hospital had the lowest (X=O.97). • Nursing office had the highest rate of participation of employees in service training in these hospitals (X=2.2) and the service department had the lowest (X=O.35). The findings of this study revealed that the rate of presgnting training courses in this hospitals is not adequate and the logistic department had the lowest rate of traning courses than the clinical and paraclinical departments.

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Introduction: Focusing on customers is the key factor for the success of total quality management programs in organizations. The main purpose of the present study was to assess customer focus level after implementing the Quality Improvement Model in Tehran Social Security hospitals.

Methods: This is a descriptive comparative study. The statistical population consists of the owners of the quality improvement model process in four Tehran Social Security hospitals. Data collection was done using a checklist consisting of two parts on customer knowledge and customer satisfaction. The information was gathered through a team work performance and meetings with the owners of the quality improvement model process. Data analysis was done through descriptive statistics (computation of percentage and average).

Findings: The research findings indicated that the average scores on customer knowledge in Shahriar, Alborz, Milad and Shohadaye 15th of Khordad (in Varamin) hospitals were 64.16% 60.83%, 54.16% and 46.66% , the average scores on customer satisfaction in Shahirar, Alborz , Miald and Shohadaye 15th of Khordad hospitals were 67.77% , 65%, 59.44% and 50%, and the average scores on customer focus in Shahriar , Alborz, Milad and Shohadaye 15th of Khordad hospitals were 66.33% , 63.33% , 57.33% and 48.66%, respectively. The total average scores on customer knowledge, satisfaction and customer focus in those hospitals were 56.45% , 60.55% and 58.90% respectively.

Conclusion: Based on the research findings, all hospitals made a continuous progress in customer knowledge and customer satisfaction. It could be concluded that customer focus level, after implementing the Quality Improvement Model has improved considerably in various parts of hospitals.